Bxstava



Nov. 6, 1928.

1,690,226 R. A. HEISING PLURAL PHASE GENERATION OR OTHER SYSTEM Filed Aug. 7. 1920 //7 ven for: F 9 Raymond A He's/ 79.

y @[JW' my.

Patented Nov. 6, 1928.

. UNITED ST-Ares PATENT OFFICE.

RAYMOND AJHEIS ING, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, -.ASSIGNOR:TO WESTERN ELEC- TRIC COMPANY, YORK.

' a lication filed August 7,

ators of 'the type wherein electron discharge; devices are .arranged. to convert direct current energy-supplied thereto .int-o ,oscilla-tor. v currents 1, An obj e ct' ithe invention is to provide im proved methods of and means for ,theproducn tmu ip ase elec xi alieu reet rrei requency-wea v51. L1H: r A iurthembi'ect i's-t p ov de ap ly'p e space'dischargegenerator system for produc. ing Ipolyphase currents et. any desired numberofflphases. and of either high or loivfre quencva I j The invention also comprehends methods ofland zmeansgfor producing polyphase cure rents of suitable frequency. uniformity, and purity-ofwrave. fOIIIl fOI use ,in signaling. d is tant controh-synchronizing, or other systems. ,The hinventionealso. comprehends new and improved :means and systems for the production ofbalanced three-phase currents, unbalanced three-phase currents, three-phase currents wherein two of the phases are in uarter phase 'relation two phases of current in phase opposition. and other polyphase currents of either ;high -or-;1ow.frequiency. The term highfrequencyl as used herein is intended to include;currentsof those frequencies used or capable ofispracticalnise' in; electro-magnetic Wave radiatingnsystems, while low frequency. -is applied to waves-of all lower frequen- (5188.,5; i. it

The specific embodiment of the invention described herein ciomprises aplurality of sep arate thermionic oscillation generators symmetrically: connected to a closed-loop. When so connected'and-adjusted,to the same frequency the oscillators produce a plural phase 40 voltage across the several branches of the loop. 1

l he invention is more particularly described in connection with the aceompanyinzr drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating the invention: Figs; 2, 3 and 4 are vector'diag'rams illustrating the various relations which may exist between'the voltages and currents in the system of l: and Fig. 5 is a. three-phase system similar to that of Fig. 1 but-having the space current supplied for all-the oscillators drawn from a liver power to :INCORYORATED, OF NEW YORK,- N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW PLURAL-PHASE GENERATION OR OTHER SYSTEM 1920. Seria1'No.f101 ,8 89. v

common source and having a three-phase transformer system 'for applying the gener atedenergy to atransmission line." In Fig l; three separate tube oscillators dea clbsd'delta or loopfcircuitQ to which they are sim'ilarl yfand equauye u;

al brim-s e at t ns-fumes vhf -p. maries are n'the tune'd"c1rcuits'of'th e oscilsecon arlesgare'incl uded in was a whee? the delta. Eac lioscillalto'r comprises an electron-discharge devicefof th e ordinary or any suitable type" having ai' heat-ed filamentary electron emitting cath'odela n anode, and a space discharge controlling element in the forrnof a A tunedfrequency dete'rniinmg c rcuit comprising tlie'piiimary former 3 and capacities' t' and 5 is coupled to the discharge tube for the generation of oscillation s, the cathode being connectedbetn een capacities 4 and 5, while the anode and the are eonnecte'd'to their ether terminals respectivelyf' The usual stopping condenser 6, lealr' path 7, currentsupply source 8 au(l choke coil 9 are provided, current fed into the oscillatory circuit cai sirrg;jjcorre sptmdin g potentials jto be impressed on the grid owing to the feed hack connections. Thistype of generator,.bei n'g well-known in theart, needs no further description. 1 V I It has been found thatjwhen threesuch generators are adjusted tto approximately the same. frequency and approximately the same amplitude of oscillations and thenconnected to a closed delta, such as the delta of Fig. 2, they fall into step, so'to speak, and act as a three-phase generator, The voltagesacross the three arms of the closed delta circuitwill be exactly or appro imatelyflequal and exactly or approximately 120anart and may .he made more nearly soby readjustment. if nec essary, of the tuningccndensers or other elements oft-he oscillators In fordei; to ma'lre the generators divide theload equally, it may be necessary to so adius t the tuning of their oscillatorv circuits that. they will not have exactly the same frequency; if the delta is opened. Power ean be drawn from-the system by any, suitable arrangement. such as, for example, by the three-phase circuit l0 (onnected to the several angles of the delta.

Fig 2 is-a vector diagram of the voltag s of a trans across the three secondaries of the transformers 3. Assume now that the system is operating and that the space current of two of the generators is gradually and equally, reduced until the 'a}t fnatipgjwolta gesarnprcssed op the delta by each have a value of times rature. This forms a convenient source of alternating currents of any desired frequency ha ng two p ses, 80 apa t in e lower: ng the p ate current red ces the eflici'ency of the oscillator t d ssieetiqino energy in lw,

A ir u t m y au eiae. salaans b s In th s. cl ss it: may be necessary to provide. ad dit pn a Ibiibes in, para el. ii 'each os lator to emanate ..Q 'ab, 1i i v ltp'n'e; oi t e gcniet tq s ib' cnted n, E sl e te pe a' r QRQIWQ the. agat isba emoved tram the X$ b l 1e W afiluea the b end. 1 91 amen we will .699 lQ' P 19- r l ltx n. 1 .1 n'pr xi-i man so; rep esen d by Ebb ve t x'd gr w Fig-fi-j a It will b sec tha ltbeinv n i nqt lirntes in apipbcatlemlo b urb-Pla ns y tems. but

princ pl brbbf may e emp oyed fo generat ng urrent 9i any n mber o phases desired 'uch a 'five o,r-si .Pl.1 c$.- Th s inac- QQQXPliShQd by Q- inectmg-in a clo ed. oop. as 2 1 3 99 5 a he. eq red num er f phases and QaPl ngonb thermionicoscillation. generat r ci cu i each coil. Fu th rmore," y nn a a nng such, ystems in a ar o wa s, he currents produced may be induced tQ-have =1 va e y .o n narm i ica pha r la o In cast cur ents of rcl ti ely oi f equen y ar hir d, tbj he transf rmers 3. name magnetic cores and large condensers t and 5 may b used I rad o irenu ni s ar si d, h wever, t e ra sfo mer 3,W l e o he. typ fus al y employ d in r di freq ency w rk, and th c nd s s an l b iplq p,orti%1ately small. l

I is 5. s i lustra ed a sy m mi a t tha o F g nd' ng ea itembnd ng e eent br esi ins 11ara@ter ,ze The our- 9.. p ovi es pa e curr n o a l. he

: tubes ofthe system. .Cliokc coils 11 prevent alte mt ng c rrent of the f q e lby be g genera ed y t esr rqm Passin h oug the circuit of the source 9. Across the secondary of each transformer 3 is'connected one primary 12.0fa three-phase transformer'sys; tern 13, connected tofa load circuit or transmission line 10 having a neutral'branch 14 This illustratesthe current derived from a' p'olygh'a'e ge neratin system ofthe type describe may be trans orme'd before applica tion to aload circuit'for utilization.

The novel features inherent in the invention are defined in the'appended claims.

hat is claimed is:

l. A system for the generation of multiphase current, comprising a plurality of s ace discharge generators and a closed loop assi? s a 'le a cia ed t an erators.

2. A generator of multiphase alternating cur ent, ompris ng a plura y of electron discharge devices, appropriate circuit arrangements connected thereto whereby said devices function as. generators of alternating current, and a phase maintaining load circuit similarly associated with said generators.

3. A radio It'requeney transmission system comprising a three wire conductor system, a high frequencytransformer system having coils connecting the conductors of the cond uctor systemiii pairs, and aspace discharge lat i o n s approximately 120 out of-phase with each o'tl irin saidicoils i 1: A "l ji' "'se enerator of 'radio fre quency current including a conductor system hav ng a"el osed'loop conductive to radio fre- "cui rc nts' oi'the' frequency to generated, thermionic generators connected to lheloop, and-equal'i'n number to the desired number of phases, and means constitutin a -svsteintor setting up radio frequency osdilpart of saidgenerators and separate from the loop 'for approximately synchronizing said generatorsl v i i o. A poly hase generator of current, comprising a pluralityof space discharge oscilla tion' generators, 'a closed loop circuit, and a transfoimer connecting each of saidgenerators to said circuit,

6; A system for the eneration of polyphase alternatin current, comprising a plurainy of discharge devices each having an an anode and a 'element, an output circuit connected to sai anode, a feed-back circuit connected'to' said element, a tuned loop electrori cinitting cathode,- di'sch ar'g'e controllin circuit associated withsaid output and feedand means maintaining said valves in synchronisin and in polyphase relation.

'8. A system for 'converting direct' current power into polyphase alternating current power comprising three electrostatically'and regenerative'ly controlled valve converters each associated with a circuitelement, said circuit elements being connected together to constitute a closed synchronizing circuit.

9'. In a system for converting direct ourrent power into polyphase alternating irrent power, the combination of three elect ro statically controlled Valve oscillators, each including a primary coil in its circuit, and three secondary coils coupled one to each of said primary coils and connected together to constitute a closed synchronizing circuit.

10. In a system for converting direct current power into polyphase alternating current power, a valve converter comprising electrostatically and regeneratively controlled valves connected in symmetrical circuit arrangement and means maintaining said valves in synchronism and in polyphase relation.

11. The method of converting direct current power by an electrostatically and regeneratively con-trolled valve converter into polyphase alternating current power at voltages which are substantially independent of the magnitude and distribution of the load, which comprises associating the valves of said converter with independent single phase circuits in such manner as to obtain output alternating voltages of substantially fixed magnitude and associating said circuits in such manner as to maintain said voltages in synchronism and in polyphase relation.

12. A system for the generation of threephase current comprising a plurality of space discharge generators and a closed loop circuit similarly associated with said genera tors.

13. A generator of three-phase alternating current comprising a plurality of electron discharge devices, appropriate circuit arrangements connected thereto, whereby said devices function as generators of alternating current, and a phase maintaining load circuit similarly associated with said generators.

14. A three-phase generator of current comprising a pluralitr of space discharge oscillation generators, a closed loop circuit, and a transformer connecting each of said generators to said circuit.

15. A system for the generation of threephase alternating current comprising a plurality of discharge devices each comprising an electron-emitting cathode, an anode and a discharge controlling element, an output circuit connected to said anode, a feed back circuit connected to said element, and a tuned loop circuit associated with said output and feed back circuits, a multiple conductor, a load circuit, and a polyphase transformer circuit connecting the tuned circuits of said discharge devices and said load circuit.

16. A system for the generation of plural phase current comprising a plurality of electric discharge generators, and means for associating said generators to maintain them in synchronism and in the desired plural phase relation.

17. A system for the generation of plural phase current comprising electric discharge generators equal in number to the desired number of phases, and means for associating said generators to mt-aintain them in synchronism and in the desired plural phase relation.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 4th day of August, A. D. 1920.

RAYMOND A. HEISING. 

